Yanuartanti, I.W. Structure and Composition of Mangrove Vegetation at Muara Gembong, Bekasi, West Java. Thesis. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science. State University of Jakarta. 2007.
Mangroves have important ecological and economical roles for the environment, but their existences at Muara Gembong are threatened by various factors i.e., land conversion and pollution, so that it needs efforts for monitoring the changes at that place. The purposes of this research were to know the structure and composition, important value, diversity level, and dispersion pattern of mangroves at Muara Gembong. The research was conducted from September 2006 until January 2007. The method used was descriptive, sampling technique with purposive sampling and mangrove vegetation was studied with quadrat method. The sampling area was segmented into 4 sites; each site was divided by 3 quadrats sized 10 x 10 m for trees; 3 quadrats sized 5 x 5 m for saplings; and 15 quadrats sized 1 x 1 m for seedlings and shrubs. Secondary data taken were physical and chemical condition, temperature of water, air and soil, humidity, salinity, soil pH, and soil texture. Based on mangrove composition, the area in Muara Gembong was divided as the open mangrove, middle mangrove, and brackish mangrove, where mostly composed of Family Avicenniaceae (61,5%) and Sonneratiaceae (15,93%). From the whole sampling area, Avicennia alba was dominant based on the species importance value of tree 103,235%; sapling 130,575% and seedling (153,56%). Shannon-Wiener’s index showed that mangrove diversity at Muara Gembong was low, with the highest index in seedlings and shrubs 2,171. The low diversity index reported as caused by habitat disturbance and uniform soil texture which composed of clay particles. Mangroves at Muara Gembong showed close to uniform pattern of trees, saplings, seedlings and shrubs based on Morisita’s index (Id<<0). The uniform distribution pattern was influenced by physical and chemical condition that relatively same in sampling area and tolerated by mangroves for growing and developing.
Key words: mangrove, structure, composition, important value.
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